Thai Language Thai Culture: Talking About the Weather

Thai Language

Talking about the weather…

What better way to break the ice and start a conversation than to talk about the weather? I know it is a bit cliché-ish but, hey, it works. And in Thailand, the sentence, “The rainy season sure is late this year” is a much better conversation starter than “What’s your sign?” And “It sure is hot and humid” beats out, “Do you come here often?” hands down. Really, try it. So, with that in mind, here is a short primer on talking about the weather in Thai.

The Seasons…

First we should know how to talk about the big picture, the seasons. It is well-known that Thailand has three seasons. Well, maybe. There are two common synonyms for “season” in Thai. The word ฤดู réu-doo is of Sanskrit origins and is used in more formal settings like writing or giving a speech. The more common word is หน้า nâa. From this point we’ll use the more common word but remember that either one works fine.

Thailand’s three seasons, the ones most guidebooks refer to are:

The rainy season: หน้าฝน nâa fŏn (ฝน fŏn = rain)
The cool/cold season: หน้าหนาว nâa năao (หนาว năao = cold)
The hot season: หน้าร้อน nâa rón (ร้อน rón = hot)

But there are lots of other seasons here too.

Some other terms used with ฤดู réu-doo and หน้า nâa are:

Harvest time: หน้าเก็บเกี่ยว nâa gèp gìeow (season of harvesting)
Animals’ mating season: หน้าติดสัด nâa dtìt sàt (season of being in heat)
Time for rice-planting: หน้าไถหว่าน nâa tăi wàan (season of plowing and sowing)
Rice-growing season: หน้าทำนา nâa tam naa (season of working in the fields)
Dry season: หน้าแล้ง nâa láeng (months when it is not the rainy season)
Monsoon season: หน้ามรสุม nâa mor-rá-sŭm (both English and Thai words are of Arabic origin)

Then of course there are the western seasons:

Spring: nหน้าใบไม้ผลิ nâa bai mái plì (season of budding leaves)
Summer: หน้าร้อน nâa rón (hot season)
Fall/Autumn: หน้าใบไม้ร่วง nâa bai mái rûang (season of falling leaves)
Winter: หน้าหนาว nâa năao (cold season)

Temperature…

The Thai word for “temperature” is อุณหภูมิ un-hà-poom. The word for “degree” is องศา ong-săa. And, as in English, this word is also used when measuring degrees of angles and of the compass. Thailand uses the Celsius (or Centigrade) scale for temperature.

Here is how the different temperature systems are referred to:

Degrees Centigrade: องศาเซ็นติเกรด ong-săa sen dtì gràyt
Degrees Celsius: องศาเซลเซียส ong-săa sayn-sîat
Degrees Fahrenheit: องศาฟาเรนไฮต์ ong-săa faa-rayn-hai

Example:

Today it is 29 degrees Celsius.
วันนี้ อุณหภูมิ 29 องศาเซลเซียส wan née un-hà-poom 29 ong-săa sayn-sîat

Today it is 84 degrees Fahrenheit
วันนี้ อุณหภูมิ 84 องศาฟาเรนไฮต์ wan née un-hà-poom 84 ong-săa faa-rayn-hai

Humidity…

The word for humidity is ความชื้น kwaam chéun. Humidity is measured in percent. The English word “percent” means “part of 100”. This is exactly how the Thai word for percent is made up: จำนวนร้อยละ jam-nuan rói lá (amount per 100). But it is probably easier to just use the English loan word เปอร์เซ็นต์ bper-sen.

Example:

The humidity is 89% today.
วันนี้ความชื้นจำนวนร้อยละ 89 wan née kwaam chéun jam-nuan rói lá 89
วันนี้ความชื้น 89 เปอร์เซ็นต์ wan née kwaam chéun 89 bper-sen

The Sun…

As oppressive as it often is, the sun plays an important part in Thai life.

There are lots of words for “sun”:

ตะวัน dtà-wan
ดวงอาทิตย์ duang aa-tít
ไถง tà-ngăi
ทินกร tin-ná-gon
พระอาทิตย์ prá aa-tít
รวิ rá-wí
รำไพ ram-pai
สุริยน sù-rí-yon
สุริยา sù-rí-yaa

But the easiest to remember, and most used in common speech is พระอาทิตย์ prá aa-tít. The prefix พระ prá refers to the sun as a god, just like in many other cultures. Interestingly, the word for “sunny” แดดออก dàet òk uses none of the above. The word แดด dàet means “sunlight”.

The common words for “sunrise”, ตะวันออก dtà-wan òk, and “sunset” ตะวันตก dtà-wan dtòk use the word ตะวัน dtà-wan for “sun” and are also the same words used for the compass directions of “east” where the sun “comes out” ออก òk and for “west” where it “goes down” ตก dtòk.

Another word for the sun, อาทิตย์ aa-tít, is the common word for “week”. And วันอาทิตย์ wan aa-tít is the word for “Sunday”. There is also a more formal word for “week” of Pali origin, สัปดาห์ sàp-daa. And the word for “weekend” is วันสุดสัปดาห์ wan sùt sàp-daa (The days at the end of the week).

The Moon…

If anything, there are more Thai words for “moon” and its phases than there are for the sun.

Moon:
จันทร์ jan
พระจันทร์ prá jan
แข kăe
จันทรา jan-traa
ดวงจันทร์ duang jan
ดวงเดือน duang deuan
เดือน deuan
ศศิธร sà-sì-ton

Half moon: เดือนครึ่งดวง deuan krêung duang
Quarter moon: เดือนครึ่งเสี้ยว deuan krêung sîeow
New moon: เดือนดับ deuan dàp
Full moon: เดือนเต็มดวง deuan dtem duang
The full moon: บุณมี bun-ná-mee
Full-moon day: วันเพ็ญ wan phen

And as with the word for “sun”, the most commonly heard is the one where the moon is made a godhead, พระจันทร์ prá jan. One of the words for “moon” เดือน deuan is the same Thai word as we use for “month”. This is exactly the same as is done in English as the words “moon” and “month” both have the same Sanskrit root, as does the word “menstruation”, which in Thai is ประจำเดือน bprà-jam deuan (monthly).

The various Thai words for sun and moon offer many roots for Thai names. The tongue-twisting word เดือนเต็มดวง deuan dtem duang, meaning “full moon” is the name of the former female mayor of Chiang Mai. Try saying her name 5 times in a row. An expat friend of mine once made a super faux pas scrambling up her name when introducing her to a large audience. Even she laughed.

The Weather…

The Thai word for “weather”, อากาศ aa-gàat, is the same word for “air” and “climate”. Good weather is อากาศดี aa-gàat dee.

The following are “bad weather” words:

Storm: พายุ paa-yú
Thunderstorm: พายุฟ้าคะนอง paa-yú-fáa-ká-nong (rumbling sky)
A lightning strike: ฟ้าผ่า fáa pàa (split sky)
Lightning: ฟ้าแลบ fáa-lâep (flashing sky)
Thunder: ฟ้าร้อง fáa róng (crying sky)
Humid: ชื้น chéun
Stuffy; sweltering; humid: อบอ้าว òp âao (roasting hot)
Rain: ฝน fŏn
To drizzle: ปรอย ๆ bproi bproi
To drizzle; sprinkle: พรำ pram
Drizzle; fine drops: พรำ ๆ pram pram
Cloudy: มีเมฆมาก mee mâyk mâak (lots of clouds)
Fog; mist; foggy; misty: หมอก mòk
Smog: ควัน kwan (smoke)

Talking about the weather…

Now for some sentences that a TV weatherperson might say. All work well when added to the phrases like the ones below.

Today: นนี้ ná-née
This evening: เย็นนี้ yen née
This season: หน้านี้ nâa née
Nowadays: ทุกวันนี้ túk wan née
Tomorrow: พรุ่งนี้ prûng née
This year: ปีนี้ bpee-née

Nice weather this evening.
อากาศดีเย็นนี้ aa-gàat dee yen née

It’s sunny today.
แดดออกวันนี้ dàet òk wan née

It’s comfortably cool this season.
หน้านี้เย็นสบาย nâa née yen sà-baai

The weather is terrible nowadays.
ทุกวันนี้อากาศแย่ túk wan née aa-gàat yâe

Today it’s really hot.
วันนี้ร้อนมากๆ wan née rón mâak

It rains a lot this season.
หน้านี้ฝนตกมาก nâa née fŏn dtòk mâak

It’s going to rain this evening.
ฝนจะตกเย็นนี้ fŏn jà dtòk yen née

It sure is hot and humid.
อากาศอบอ้าว aa-gàat òp âao

There’s a storm coming tomorrow.
พายุจะมาพรุ่งนี้ paa-yú jà maa prûng née

The rainy season sure is late this year.
ปีนี้หน้าฝนมาช้า bpee-née nâa fŏn maa cháa

Hugh Leong
Retire 2 Thailand
Retire 2 Thailand: Blog

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7 Responses to “ Thai Language Thai Culture: Talking About the Weather ”

  1. Although it is ok to break the ice by starting a conversation with Thai people with a question about the weather, in Thailand, people tend to start a conversation by asking each other if he or she has eaten something yet. It is a very important aspect of Thai society. So, คุณ Catherine ทานข้าวหรือยังครับ?
    .-= Oneditorial hopes you will read…New arrivals =-.

  2. You are so right. In Thailand, I am reminded of food all day long!

    กินข้าวแล้ว แล้วคุณล่ะ

    (btw – welcome to WLT :-)

  3. Oneditorial,

    Thanks for the idea for another column.

  4. เพิ่งทานพิซซ่าครับ อร่อยมากๆครับ ขอบคุณครับ

  5. Great post Hugh. I’ve needed to add to my vocabulary list and this does quite nicely.
    .-= Talen hopes you will read…Pattaya International Bed Race 2010 =-.

  6. Hugh and Catherine – Another goldmine of rich language information and I’ll be joining Talen in getting parts of this down on paper. I have always read the weather is not a big conversational point in Thailand but I’ve always thought otherwise as Wilai often mentions the cold, wind, rain and sun in our telephone calls, this will be very handy for me. I like the way the Thai language groups certain things together by just swapping one word;

    The rainy season: หน้าฝน nâa fŏn (ฝน fŏn = rain)
    The cool/cold season: หน้าหนาว nâa năao (หนาว năao = cold)
    The hot season: หน้าร้อน nâa rón (ร้อน rón = hot)

    For me it makes learning much more easier because I remember the main word (naa) and just add the second to suit, perfect. It’s just adding words around them which confuses me. A very good lesson and most productive from my own circumstances.
    .-= Martyn hopes you will read…How Much Do You Tip in Thailand =-.

  7. This post corresponds nicely to something I was going to throw on my Facebook wall last week: Never thought I’d utter these words but I’m getting to know my local 7/11 employee.

    And what was my opener? The weather :D (fon dok mak mak!)

    Thanks for the new vocab list!

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